What 52,000 people think about work today

PwC’s Global Workforce Hopes and Fears Survey 2022

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If the ‘great resignation’ has taught employers anything, it’s to not take their workers for granted. Yet many companies risk doing exactly that—whether it’s by not paying close enough attention to skilled workers who are at elevated risk of quitting, by failing to support workers who seek personal fulfilment and meaning at work, or by missing opportunities to build the trust that so often leads to positive outcomes at the personal, professional and even societal levels.

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We explore these and other issues in this year’s Global Workforce Hopes and Fears Survey, the third in a series dating to 2019. Power is a central theme of the findings in this year’s survey, which draws from more than 52,000 workers across 44 countries and territories and is one of the largest such surveys conducted.

For global leaders, some of our results will be a wake-up call. Workers who feel empowered by their current circumstances—i.e., those with specialised or scarce skills—are ready to test the market. More than one-third of respondents plan to ask for a raise in the coming year, and one in five said they are extremely or very likely to switch employers. Retaining these employees will require more than just pay; fulfilling work and the opportunity to be one’s authentic self at work also matter to employees who are considering a job change.

Our results also show that sensitive political and social discussions—topics that themselves hinge on issues of power and its distribution—are happening in the workplace, largely without company involvement, and are generating positive dividends for employees. Also, workers want more support in translating environmental, social and governance (ESG) considerations to their work. And as leaders develop hybrid work models, they need to consider the 45% of the workforce that can’t work remotely—people who do essential work but report feeling less fulfilled and empowered than respondents who can work remotely.

The upshot for the C-suite? As companies take on ambitious business and societal goals, leaders must remember that employees can be a force multiplier or a detractor. In fact, PwC research has found that the workforce is the number one risk to growth—and also the principal means by which companies can execute growth-driven strategies. Understanding workplace power in all its aspects can help leaders energise their workforce, tap into the power of their people and accomplish bolder goals. 

Chapter 2

Politics and social issues: Conversations at work aren’t polarising—they’re a net positive

Like it or not, these conversations are happening

Companies operate in an increasingly polarised world, where political and social issues hold intense power over people. Some managers may fear that discussing these topics in the workplace could create a minefield. But 65% of employees in our survey said they have these kinds of conversations frequently or sometimes. The numbers are higher still among self-reported ethnic minorities (73%) and younger employees (69% among those ages 26 to 41, 13 percentage points higher than for those ages 58 to 76).

The benefits outweigh the drawbacks

Conversations about sensitive political and social issues aren’t the divisive, polarising distraction that managers might fear. Among respondents who have political and social conversations at work, the positives—a better understanding of colleagues, a more open and inclusive work environment, and increased empathy—outweigh the negatives.

Employees who identified as ethnic minorities were more likely than other respondents to say that these experiences have had a positive impact. At the same time, minorities were also more likely to cite at least one negative impact, suggesting that the overall effect of these conversations, both good and bad, is more intense for these employees.

Employees are discussing sensitive topics at work

65% of employees have discussed social and/or political issues1

Impact of these discussions, % of respondents1

79% selected at least one positive statement

Allowed me to understand my colleagues
41%
Created a more open and inclusive work environment
34%
Helped me process my views
32%
Made me more confident to share my views
31%
Increased my empathy
28%

41% selected at least one negative statement

Made me reluctant to share my views
15%
Increased my stress at work
14%
Made it more difficult for me to work with people who share different views
13%
Made me more feel more isolated in my views
12%
Decreased my productivity at work
11%
None of the above
9%

These discussions are happening despite little active effort on the part of organisations to facilitate them. Only 30% of employees said their company provides support to help them work effectively with people who share different views. This is a missed opportunity, given the importance of empathy and openness in building trust.

To be sure, supporting and encouraging sensitive conversations isn’t easy. However, leaders can make progress by establishing norms, offering resources and helping ensure that these conversations happen in safe, no-judgment environments. These environments should emphasise listening—not reaching solutions or generating consensus—and thus represent growth opportunities for senior executives as well, who are often much more comfortable in problem-solving mode. The leader’s role here is to help the company bring meaning, humanity and social impact to the workforce—not to deliver answers.

Chapter 2

Two measures of empowerment: Specialisation and scarcity

Employees with specialised training are in demand—and they know it

What makes a worker feel empowered? Specialised training is one element. Among respondents, almost half said their job requires some level of specialist training. This group was far more likely than other respondents to say they would ask for a raise or promotion in the next 12 months. The good news is that empowered workers are also more likely to recommend their company to others.

Specialised training empowers workers

49% of respondents say their job requires specialised training

% likely to take the following actions with their employers in the next 12 months1

  • Job doesn’t require specialised training
  • Job requires specialist training
Ask for a promotion
21%
37%
Ask for a raise
25%
41%
Recommend your employer as a place to work
29%
45%

Skills shortages give employees more clout

A second aspect of worker empowerment is having scarce skills. Twenty-nine percent of respondents said their country lacks people with the skills needed to perform their job. Countries with the biggest perceived gap in skills include Thailand, India and Brazil. The industries with the highest share of respondents who feel their skills are scarce are healthcare (including pharmaceutical firms), technology, media and telecommunications.

Compared with employees who don’t believe their skills are scarce, this group is more likely to:

  • feel listened to by their managers (+25 percentage points)
  • ask for a pay raise in the coming year (+20 percentage points)
  • ask for a promotion in the coming year (+20 percentage points)
  • feel satisfied with their job (+17 percentage points)
  • switch to a new employer (+7 percentage points).

Companies are investing in their people—but not enough

To close the skills gap, companies are investing in the current workforce through upskilling and increasing wages—focusing on the elements they can control most easily, an important means of responding to periods of uncertainty. By contrast, automating, outsourcing and recruiting appear to be lower priorities. But in absolute terms, the share of companies taking these steps is still low. Only 40% of employees said their company is upskilling, and only 26% said their employer is automating or enhancing work through technology. Both numbers are low enough to imply considerable room for improvement.  

The same holds true for supporting workers’ physical and mental well-being—a critical issue given the mental-health crisis now affecting so many workers around the world. It’s encouraging, then, that employees cited the support they receive on well-being as the third-most-likely way in which companies address skills and labour shortages. But again, in absolute terms, the proportion is low: only 29% of respondents said they received this support. Given the scope of the mental-health challenges that workers face, this finding suggests that companies could be doing much more to support worker well-being.

Employers are focusing on internal measures to address skills and labour shortages

Actions employers are taking to address skills and labour shortages, % of respondents1

Internal focus

Upskilling workers
40%
Increasing pay
33%
Supporting workers with physical and mental well-being
29%
Automating and/or enhancing work via technology
26%

External focus

Widening recruitment to include more diverse workers
25%
Recruiting workers with lower qualifications or less experience
24%
Outsourcing work to third parties (e.g., consultancies, suppliers)
20%
Hiring qualified workers from overseas
20%

Technology: Existential threat or upskilling opportunity?

Only 30% of respondents said they’re concerned about their role being replaced by technology in the next three years. Meanwhile, 39% said they’re concerned about not getting sufficient training in digital and technology skills from their employer. That proportion is even higher among younger respondents.

Chapter 2

Retention strategies: Meaning is as important as money

Pay is necessary but insufficient

When it comes to retaining employees, money is the top factor. That’s understandable given the historic increases in inflation that were occurring while our global survey was in the field and that are projected by many economists in the year ahead. Men were more likely than women to say they’re fairly rewarded financially. Men also were 9 percentage points more likely than women to say they planned to ask for a raise. Both of these findings appear to reflect longstanding problems in wealth inequity, and they highlight the need to advance the gender-equity agenda, including pay transparency and higher female participation in the labour force.

Yet money isn’t enough by itself to retain workers, who were almost as likely to cite intangible factors related to meaning. Job fulfilment and the ability to be one’s true self at work were ranked second and third among employees considering a job change. These findings align with our 2021 survey results, in which 75% of employees said they wanted to work for an organisation that makes a positive contribution to society, and fully half reported experiencing discrimination at work.

Meaning matters to employees

Most important factors when considering a change in work environment, % of respondents1

  • Compensation
  • Meaning
  • Confidence/competence
  • Autonomy
I am fairly rewarded financially
71%
I find my job fulfilling
69%
I can truly be myself
66%
My team cares about my well-being
60%
I can be creative/innovative in my job
60%
I can exceed what is expected of me in my job role
58%
I can choose when I work
50%
I can choose where I work
47%

Five factors make up the ‘resignation equation’

Our analysis also broke out the cohort of employees who said they’re extremely or very likely to look for another job. This is a critical group for managers to understand, and their responses point to clear warning signs that companies need to monitor. Amid the great resignation, these are the biggest factors in determining whether your people are at risk of leaving. 

Compared to people who are extremely or very unlikely to look for another job, people in this cohort are less likely to:

  • find their job fulfilling (-14 percentage points)
  • feel they can be their true self at work (-11 percentage points)
  • feel fairly rewarded financially (-9 percentage points)
  • feel their team cares about them (-9 percentage points)
  • feel that their manager listens to them (-7 percentage points).

Managers who sense that these elements are at play—or even starting to emerge—can take steps to reshape the employee experience. It’s rarely second nature for leaders to focus on making jobs fulfilling. Doing so requires deep empathy on the part of managers and the ability to translate the company’s overall purpose into specific actions and behaviours, so that employees can see how their work contributes to that purpose. It also requires organisations to identify and eliminate gaps between their words and deeds. Managers can create the right work environment and leadership model, and they can remove the most burdensome aspects of employees’ lives—excessive bureaucracy, points of friction, administrative tasks that sap the joy from work. Managers can also invest to upskill their people, give them greater autonomy over their work and take other steps to empower them.

Establishing an environment in which employees feel they can be their authentic selves calls for training leaders, eliminating cultural barriers and blind spots, and holding managers accountable for creating—and modelling— the organisation’s culture and behaviours. Finally, leaders should pay much closer attention to the employee experience they offer relative to that of competitors and be able to name their strengths and weaknesses. It should never take the departure of a key employee to remind leaders of the intense rivalry they face from competitors for workers.

Understanding the four forces shaping your workforce strategy

Company leaders must contend with a wide range of disruptions, including inflation, the pandemic, and fast-moving geopolitical and social crises—all of which have profound consequences on their workers and their workforce strategy. Senior managers need a systematic way to think about these disruptions in order to plan for them in the short and long term. To ground leaders’ thinking, PwC developed a framework for understanding the main disruptions that have shaped workforces throughout history, and that are—as the Global Workforce Hopes and Fears Survey results show—highly relevant today: specialisation, scarcity, rivalry and humanity. Read more about the four forces.  

Chapter 2

In societal goals, transparency is everything

Employees want companies to take a stand

Employees are demanding that companies look beyond financial performance to broader ESG considerations—particularly regarding transparency.

The area in which employees say that transparency is most important is the company’s record on protecting worker health and safety. This, no doubt, is related to some extent to the pandemic and the need to recreate working environments with public health in mind. Nonetheless, economic impact, workplace diversity and environmental impact (including climate) weren’t far behind.

In company disclosures, safety and social issues outweigh climate change

  • % of respondents saying that transparency is extremely or very important in this area
  • % of respondents who are extremely or very confident their employer is transparent in this area
The organisation's record on protecting worker health and safety
65%
54%
The organisation’s impact on the economy (e.g., jobs, taxes, wages)
60%
50%
The organisation’s record on addressing diversity and inclusion in the workplace
54%
49%
The organisation’s impact on the natural environment (including climate change)
53%
47%

Environmental considerations don’t factor into employees’ day-to-day work—yet

Only 23% of employees said their company helps them minimise the environmental impact of their job. The lack of clarity about environmental issues likely stems from a corresponding lack of communication from managers. Most companies are taking steps to reduce their carbon footprint, and many are making net-zero pledges, but such measures can feel theoretical and abstract to frontline employees.

The challenge for managers is to make environmental issues immediate and actionable by identifying specific behavioural changes that employees can make. PwC’s 25th Annual Global CEO Survey reached a similar conclusion, finding that climate goals were more likely to be a part of company strategy than to be a part of executives’ individual performance goals.

Part of the solution lies in stronger disclosures and communication about the environmental measures the companies already have in place—and then improving their performance and increasing their disclosures over time. In doing so, leaders can use transparency to build trust within their workforce. 

Chapter 2

Hybrid work: Meet employees in the middle

Don’t overlook the employees who can’t work remotely

It’s well worth reminding senior executives, as well as policy-makers, that a significant share of the global workforce can’t work remotely. This group—45% of the respondents in our survey—report less satisfaction with their job than those working in hybrid or fully remote work settings (50% versus 63%).

Workers who can’t work remotely are also far less likely than others to say they find their job fulfilling, believe that their team cares about their well-being, feel that they’re fairly rewarded financially or feel they can be creative in their work. As companies revisit their workforce strategies, they must take into greater account these disaffected—and most likely disempowered—employees.

In addition, companies need to consider the role that these in-person employees play in overall community responses to the pandemic, as part of the organisation’s broader social responsibility mandate. After all, these employees often serve a critical role in society, providing services that cannot happen remotely. 

Flexible approaches resonate with the workforce

Employees largely believe that their employer will provide work options they like in the coming year. Sixty-two percent of respondents said they prefer some mix of in-person and remote work, and 63% said they expect their company to offer that kind of approach in the next 12 months, compared with 72% in the 2021 survey. But there’s a disconnect at the extremes: 26% of employees would prefer full-time remote work, but only 18% said their employer is likely to adopt that model. Another 18% said that their employer is likely to require full-time in-person work, which just 11% of employees prefer.

Flexibility makes hybrid work models succeed

54% of respondents are able to work remotely

Their expectations for their current job roles 12 months from now

  • How will you prefer to work?
  • How will your employer likely expect you to work?
  • Gap
0%0%
5%5%
10%10%
15%15%
20%20%
25%25%
30%30%
35%35%
40%40%
45%40%
50%50%
55%50%
60%60%
65%60%
70%70%
75%70%
80%80%
85%80%
90%90%
95%90%
100%100%
Full-time remote working
18% 18% 26%
Mostly remote working with some in-person working
22% 22% 23%
An equal mix of in-person and remote working
22% 22% 25%
Mostly in-person with some remote working
15% 15% 19%
Full-time in-person working
11% 11% 18%

Among full-time remote workers (about 17% of all respondents), more than two-thirds are concerned about missing out on development opportunities. These employees, who are likely to be younger, need a more proactive approach to performance management and career development. For managers, the goal is to distribute opportunities equitably, regardless of whether employees come to the office or work at home.

In other words, hybrid work is here to stay. The precise ratio of office time and at-home time will vary, but companies need to experiment and adapt. That includes addressing the factors that drive retention risk—including authenticity, meaningful work and pay transparency—all of which become harder when employees aren’t in the same location every day. Companies also must invest in technology to support remote work and put the right governance in place over decisions regarding pay, promotions and other rewards, to fight ‘proximity bias.’ 

Chapter 2

Snapshot of the 18- to 24-year-old employee

Finally, the data leads to a profile of younger workers and how they differ from the overall respondent base. Notably, many of these employees joined the workforce during the pandemic, so they’ve had fewer in-person interactions with colleagues and managers, and their perspective has been shaped by that experience. Specifically, employees ages 18 to 24 are:

  • somewhat more likely to work remotely (35% versus 31% for the overall respondent base) and to be more concerned about being overlooked for opportunities
  • more concerned about the impact of technology on their jobs over the next three years
  • less satisfied with their job
  • more likely to ask for a raise or promotion
  • more likely to change some aspect of their working life—changing working hours, switching employers or leaving the workforce.

What’s the main takeaway of the 2022 Global Workforce Hopes and Fears Survey for senior leaders?

Our findings are global averages, so each organisation and even business unit will likely have its own variations on the themes we identified. But companies won’t know that unless they start exploring. In other words, they must tailor their workforce strategy to the unique needs of their workers.

Specifically, companies need to gather data on employee sentiment for the topics we’ve identified, segment people with common attributes into personas and develop prioritised action plans for those groups. Most organisations will need to align their purpose and trust agenda, create the right environment for employees to address social and political issues, commit to pay transparency, double down on inclusion and invest in leadership development to make all this happen. They need to align their workforce strategy to their business strategy and to communicate—even over-communicate—their approach to human capital. And, critically, they need to track performance over time.

Companies face a range of challenges, including geopolitical and economic uncertainty, climate issues, social changes and cyber threats. In this kind of environment, they’ll succeed only if their people are fully engaged, motivated and eager to contribute.

Download the key findings PDF
PwC’s Global Workforce Hopes and Fears Survey 2022

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Contact us

Bhushan Sethi

Bhushan Sethi

Strategy&, Principal, PwC United States

Tel: +1 (646) 471 2377

Parul Munshi

Parul Munshi

Partner, Workforce Transformation, PwC South East Asia Consulting, PwC Singapore

Tel: +65 9660 5011

Peter Brown

Peter Brown

Global Workforce Leader, Partner, PwC United Kingdom

Tel: (+44) 7789 003712

Carol Stubbings

Carol Stubbings

Global Chief Commercial Officer, PwC United Kingdom

Tel: +44 7739 874275

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