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Kompas.id - Ekosistem transportasi berbasis listrik di Jabodetabek diperluas
2 May 2024
By Rini Kustiasih
The Greater Jakarta Transportation Agency (BPTJ) is accelerating the development of electric mass transportation in Greater Jakarta through the quick win programme that develops road-based mass transportation routes. An eco-friendly public transportation ecosystem can be realised if there is synergy among ministries and sectors.
Acting BPTJ Secretary Hanonto Prakoso said that BPTJ has implemented the quick win programme to develop road-based mass transportation routes based on the sketch planning analysis of the method developed by the World Bank.
Through the quick win programme, BPTJ will not only develop routes, but also feeders for Jabodebek LRT and Transjabodetabek.
The quick win programme that develops mass transportation routes is an effort to support emission reduction in the transportation sector. To achieve the net zero emission target in 2060, the Indonesian government is continuously utilising new renewable energy.
“One of the efforts is the development of the electric vehicle ecosystem to reduce emissions and pollutions from the transportation sector,” Hananto said on Wednesday (1/5/2024).
Hananto said that the quick win programme that develops road-based mass transportation routes has been revealed at a sharing session on the acceleration of the development of the road-based mass transportation ecosystem in Greater Jakarta on Tuesday (30/4/2024). The event was attended by property developers, banks, and other cross-sectoral institutions.
BPTJ will not only develop routes, but also feeders for Jabodebek LRT and Transjabodetabek.
Hananto explained that, based on the origin-destination matrix, BPTJ has pinpointed over 75 million daily movements between sub-districts in Greater Jakarta. Among this considerable volume of movements, there are nine road-based mass transportation services and the Commuter Line, comprising a network of 6,583 transportation nodes.
Based on the public transportation coverage that reaches 500 metres from the transportation node, the current mass transportation system can accommodate 7.97 million passengers, which equates to 25.18% of Greater Jakarta's population. Among these passengers, 7.3 million or over 65% are residents of Jakarta who benefit from mass public transportation within the city.
Meanwhile, regarding the Bodetabek (Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi) area, only 656,000 people or less than 5% are served by the current mass transportation system. The effort to enhance public transportation services will also improve air quality.
“The market potential is significant with more than 75 million movements in Greater Jakarta. However, the actual realisation has only reached 20% of the total 60% of movements in Greater Jakarta,” Hananto said.
Regarding the number of public transportation passengers in Greater Jakarta in 2023, Transjakarta served 1.17 million passengers daily, the Commuter Line accommodated 952,000 passengers, Jakarta MRT saw 278,955 passengers, Jabodebek LRT transported 29,971 passengers, Jakarta LRT had 2,749 passengers, Transjabodetabek had 1,924 passengers, JRC recorded 7,717 passengers, and the buy the service (BTS) in Bogor served 11,317 passengers. In total, these six modes of transportation catered to 2.454 million passengers daily.
To improve services, BPTJ is tailoring services based on the affordability of the people, which can be seen from where they live. In the short term, BPTJ is focusing on middle to upper-class housing.
There are currently 2,010 housing areas in Greater Jakarta with 158 upper-class housing areas. Regarding the JRC (Jabodetabek Residence Connexion) service, there are currently 23 upper-class housing areas reached by the JRC.
Regarding upper-class housing in Jakarta, 30 of the housing areas do not need JRC routes as the mass transportation service network in Jakarta is already quite massive. Outside Jakarta, there are 117 housing areas that have not been served by the JRC, so new routes must be developed.
The Transportation Ministry will gradually establish new JRC routes. In 2024, there are 40 housing areas served with 106 buses. In 2025, 40 housing areas are set to be served with 86 buses. In 2026, 37 housing will be served with 46 buses.
With the JRC service and the quick win programme, BPTJ analysed the service scope of Jabodebek LRT by identifying middle and lower-class housing areas within the service scope of the LRT.
The analysis employs network analysis to determine the service range, which is set at 15-30 minutes from each Jabodebek LRT station. According to the analysis, there are 48 middle-class and 64 lower-class housing areas identified as targets for the LRT feeder route development. This development necessitates 287 medium-sized buses across 18 routes.
Cross-sectoral
According to Acting BPTJ Head Suharto, the development of routes and policies in the electric vehicle ecosystem, especially regarding electric public vehicles, needs to transform through cross-sectoral cooperation and commitments between the government and the private sector.
The involvement of housing developers and banks plays a crucial role in establishing an eco-friendly public transportation ecosystem, which also increases the effectiveness of public transportation for private vehicle users.
“At the start of 2024, BPTJ cooperated with operators and developers to establish an urban bus route using electric buses from PIK 2 to Sedayu City, Kelapa Gading. This effort is the initial step to realise an electric public transportation ecosystem in Greater Jakarta,” Suharto said.
Suharto said that the involvement of all stakeholders was crucial as passenger movements in agglomeration areas were quite high. If public transportation development is lacking, there will be many detrimental impacts, such as congestion, pollution, fuel wastage, and health issues.
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